The Seoul Declaration on Tourism in Asia’s Historic Towns and Areas (2005)

Preface: The Seoul Declaration on Tourism in Asia’s Historic Towns and Areas (2005) was adopted by the 2005 ICOMOS Regional Conference, Seoul, Korea, 30 May-1 June, 2005.

The Meeting in Seoul, Korea, from the 30th of May to the 1st of June 2005, to take part in the 2005 ICOMOS Regional Conference in Seoul: Managing Tourism in Historic Towns and Areas in Asia, drawing on the experience and context of many historic towns and areas in Asia particularly those inscribed on the World Heritage List, the meeting reflected upon Recommendation 3 of the Hoi An Declaration of 2003 on the Conservation of Historic Districts in Asia: Integrating Tourism Development and Preservation of Cultural Heritage.

Participants of the regional ICOMOS meeting in Seoul adopt the following Declaration of principles and recommendations, addressing them to national and local authorities; as well as to the ICOMOS General Assembly in Xi’an in October 2005.

Experiences such as those presented at the conference provide useful lessons and examples that should be shared amongst tourism operators, authorities and professionals of the various disciplines involved in the management of historic towns and districts in Asia. Issues to be considered include:

• Establishing a balance between tourism and conservation
• Responding to the emergence of experiential tourism
• Integrating interpretation in on-going conservation and tourism planning
• Maintaining authenticity of historic towns and areas
• Monitoring the impacts of tourism

Then the conference presented many strategies and approach include:

• Involving communities
• Engaging with a multiplicity of stakeholders to develop and implement conservation and tourism management plans
• Including settings of monuments and sites in conservation and tourism management plans
• Ensuring sustainability in tourism management
• Sharing experiences to improve practice

Category

Date

2005

Promulgation

The 2005 ICOMOS Regional Conference, Seoul, Korea, 30 May-1 June, 2005

Descriptions

• The declaration considers that “cultural heritage” is a complete socio-cultural composition ranging from sites recognized as being of World Heritage significance to heritage sites that give local identity in towns and areas throughout Asia.
• It notes that historic towns and areas constitute a major part of the living cultural heritage of Asian countries. Their fabric and intangible values are non-renewable assets, nor able to be replicated, and must be identified and respected to ensure cultural sustainability, which in turn supports tourism sustainability.

Source

http://www.international.icomos.org/centre_documentation/tourism-seoul2005.pdf

Download

http://orcp.hustoj.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/tourism-seoul2005.pdf

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• The Fez Charter (1993)
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• New Orleans Charter for the Joint Preservation of Historic Structures and Artifacts (1992)
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• Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) of 1992
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  • 2015: Message of the executive secretary of the Convention on Biological Diversity. https://www.cbd.int/doc/speech/2015/sp-2015-05-08-wmbd-en.pdf
  • https://www.cbd.int/convention/
  • Text of the CBD
    • English: https://www.cbd.int/doc/legal/cbd-en.pdf
    • Chinese: https://www.cbd.int/doc/legal/cbd-zh.pdf
  • Laurence Boisson de Chazournes. http://legal.un.org/avl/ha/cpbcbd/cpbcbd.html
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    • Chinese: http://legal.un.org/avl/pdf/ha/cpbcbd/cpbcbd_c.pdf
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  • Gewin, V., 2002.  Ecosystem health: The state of the planet. Nature, 417 (6885), 112–113.
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• Charter of Courmayeur (1992)
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• Charter for the Conservation of Places of Cultural Heritage Value (1992)
  • 1992: http://www.gdrc.org/heritage/icomos-nz.html
  • 2010 revision: http://www.icomos.org.nz/docs/NZ_Charter.pdf
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• A Preservation Charter for the Historic Towns and Areas of the United States of America (1992)
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• The Québec City Declaration (1991)
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  • Organization of World Heritage Cities.
    • http://www.ovpm.org/en/key_documents
    • http://www.ovpm.org/index.php?module=pagesetter&func=viewpub&tid=1&pid=40
    • Minaidis, L., 2014. Organization of World Heritage Cities (OWHC). In: Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology. New York, NY: Springer New York, 5611–5614.
  • Bergen Protocol  on communications and relations among cities of  the Organization of World Heritage Cities. http://icomosubih.ba/pdf/suradnja/Bergen_Protocol.pdf
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• International Scientific Committee on Historic Towns
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  • ICOMOS International Committee on Historic Towns 
  • 1. Statutes of the Committee on Historic Towns 
  • 2. List of Members of CIVVIH 
  • 3. The Headquarters of CIVVIH  (Andrea Gadoczi)
  • 4. The International Charter of Historic Towns 
  • 5. List of World Heritage Towns and Villages 
  • 6. Resolutions, Recommendations, Declarations on the Rehabilitation of Historic Towns 1 -22 
    • – UNESCO- Recommendation concerning the Safeguarding of the Beauty and Character of Landscapes and Sites. Paris, 11 December 1962 
    • – ICOMOS- Resolutions on the Regeneration of Historic Urban Sites. Levoca, 20-26 June 1966 
    • – ICOMOS- First Conference on the Protection and Revivification of Centres of Historic or Artistic Interest. Cáceres, 15-19 March 1967 
    • – ICOMOS- Recommendations of the Executive Committee Concerning Special Problems relating to the Reclamation, Restoration and Development of the Potencialities of the North-African and Asian Cities of the Mediterranean Basin. Tunis, 9-16 June 1968 
    • – ICOMOS- Resolutions of the Symposium on the Introduction of Contemporary Architecture into Ancient Groups of Buildings. Budapest, 25-30 June 1972 
    • – ICOMOS- Resolution adopted by the Sandefjord Symposium the Wooden Town in Scandinavian Countries. Sandefjord, 22-24 September 1972 
    • – UNESCO- Recommendation Concerning the Protection, at National Level, of the Cultural and Natural Heritage. Paris, 16 November 1972
    • – ICMOS- Resolutions of the Symposium devoted to the Study of “The Streetscape in Historic Towns”. Lausanne, 17-22 June 1973 
    • – ICOMOS- 1° Conferenza Mondiale del Traffico. Bologna, 10-12 June 1973 
    • – ICOMOS- UIA Seminar on the Integration of Modern Architecture in Old Surroundings. Kazimierz Dolny, 16-19 October 1974 
    • – ICOMOS- The Resolution of Bruges: Principles Governing the Rehabilitation of Historic Towns. Bruges, 12-15 May 1975 
    • – ICOMOS- Resolutions of the International Symposium on the Conservation of Smaller Historic Towns. Rothenburg/ Tauber, 29-30 May 1975 
    • – Europa Nostra- Charte Europeenne du Patrimoine Architectural. Amsterdam, 1975 
    • – ICOMOS- UNESCO- Recommendation adopted at the International Symposium- A New Life for Historic Towns. Prague- Bratislava, 30 September- 5 October 1976 
    • – UNESCO- Recommendation Concerning the Safeguarding and Contemporary Role of Historic Areas. Nairobi, 26 October- 30 November 1976
    • – ICOMOS- Resolution “Secteurs Sauvegardés Ruraux”. Szombathely, 23-29 Juin 1977 
    • – ICOMOS- Colloque sur les “Ensembles Historique Traditionnels”. Cracovie, 15-18 October 1980 
      – Internazionale Städteforum Memorandum of Graz- To avoid Suffocating of Our Cities in Traffic Graz, 7-10 June 1990 
    • – ICOMOS- COMPTE Rendu du Colloque International “Methodes Scientifiques pour Sauvegarder la Memoire d’une Ville: problemes de la Formation”. Sofia, 28 Sept.- 1 Oct. 1990 
    • – ICOMOS- Declaración de la Ciudad de México; 25 Años de Conservación del Patrimonio: Balance y Perspectivas. Ciudad de México, 7-10 Novembre 1990 
    • – Network of World Heritage Towns- the Quebec City Declaration- Preservation of the Urban Heritage. Quebec, 30 June- 4 July 1991 
    • – Conseil de l’Europe Declaration; 7e Symposium des Villes Historiques. Istambul, 16-18 September 1992 
  • 7. Collection of Data of CIVVIH Meetings  (prepared by Tamas Fejérdy)
•  CIVVIH
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• ICOMOS. International Charters for Conservation and Restoration. http://www.icomos.org/charters/charters.pdf
• Law of the People’s Republic of China on Protection of Cultural Relics
  • 1982 version:
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  • 2002 Amendment:
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    •  https://digital.law.washington.edu/dspace-law/bitstream/handle/1773.1/533/18PacRimLPolyJ405.pdf?sequence=1
  • 2007 Amendment:
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    •  https://www.unodc.org/res/cld/document/chn/1982/law-of-the-peoples-republic-of-china-on-protection-of-cultural-relics-chinese_html/Chinese.pdf
    • http://www.giurisprudenza.unimib.it/DATA/insegnamenti/8_896/materiale/losier%20class%205%201.pdf
  • 2013 Amendment:
    •  http://orcp.hustoj.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Cultural-Relics-Protection-Law-of-the-People’s-Republic-of-China-2013-Amendment.pdf
  • Regulations for the Implementation of the Copyright Law of the People’s Republic of China (2002)
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• Principles for the Conservation of Heritage Sites in China
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  • Publication by the Getty Conservation Institute (2015)
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    • http://www.getty.edu/conservation/publications_resources/pdf_publications/china_principles_revised_2015.html
• Law of the People’s Republic of China on Protection of Cultural Relics
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• Macau Legislation on Heritage
  • Defence of the architectural, environmental and cultural heritage (Decree No. 56/84/M, 30th June 1984)
    • The Government is concerned to preserve and revive the historic, cultural and architectural heritage of the Territory. An important step towards this end was the creation of the Cultural Institute of Macau which, combining as it does the sectors of cultural heritage, cultural activities and training and research, will seek to coordinate activities in the cultural field.
    • http://www.macauheritage.net/en/Decree/law5684m.aspx
  • Defence of the architectural, environmental and cultural heritage (Decree 83/92/M, 31st December 1992)
    • The preservation of Macau’s monumental, architectonic, urban and cultural heritage is based on the defence of its historic and cultural values, which is, still today, a unique witness, amongst the regions of Southeast Asia and the World.
    • http://www.macauheritage.net/en/Decree/law8392m.aspx
• ICOMOS 15^th General Assembly and Scientific Symposium (Xi’an, China, 17-21 October, 2005). http://www.icomos.org/xian2005/
• Red List of Chinese Cultural Objects at Risk. http://icom.museum/uploads/tx_hpoindexbdd/RedListofChineseCulturalObjectsatRisk-English.pdf
• Sir, how much is that ming vase in the window? Protecting Cultural Relics in the People’s Republic of China.  http://blog.hawaii.edu/aplpj/files/2011/11/APLPJ_05.1_dutra.pdf
• Deschambault Charter for the Preservation of Quebec’s Heritage (1982)
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  •  http://ocpm.qc.ca/sites/import.ocpm.aegirvps.net/files/pdf/PD04/3mEN.pdf
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• Declaration of Dresden (1982)
  • Reconstruction in the World Heritage Context.  https://engagingconservationyork.files.wordpress.com/2014/02/reconstruction-in-wh-context-rev.pdf
• Conservation and sustainability in Historic Cities.  http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9780470759547.biblio/pdf
• The Florence Charter: Historic Gardens (1981)
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• Recommendation for the Safeguarding and Preservation of Moving Images (1980)
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• World Day for Audiovisual Heritage
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• The Universal Copyright Convention (1952). http://orcp.hustoj.com/2015/10/10/the-ucc-1952/
• The Universal Copyright Convention of 1971 (1971). http://orcp.hustoj.com/2015/11/13/copyright-1971/
• Recommendation for the Protection of Movable Cultural Property (1978).
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  •  http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0011/001140/114032e.pdf#page=176
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  •  http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0006/000603/060309eo.pdf
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    • English:  http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0011/001140/114032e.pdf#page=176
    • Chinese: http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0011/001140/114032cb.pdf#page=1
• Recommendation for the Protection of Movable Cultural Property (1978).
  • Nelson, N.C., 1937.  Prehistoric Archeology, Past, Present and Future. Science, 85 (2195), 81–89.
  • Lomax, A. and Berkowitz, N., 1972.  The Evolutionary Taxonomy of Culture. Science, 177 (4045), 228–239.
  • Graham, G.M., 1987. Protection and Reversion of Cultural Property: Issues of Definition and Justification. The International Lawyer, 21 (3), 755–793.
• The SPAB Manifesto (1877). http://orcp.hustoj.com/2015/10/08/the-spab-manifesto/
• Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict (1954). http://orcp.hustoj.com/2015/10/11/hague_convention1954/
• Recommendation on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property (1964).  http://orcp.hustoj.com/2015/10/24/illicit-import-1964/
• Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property (1970). http://orcp.hustoj.com/2015/11/03/means-1970-2/
• The Charter of Machu Picchu (1977).
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  • Le Corbusier,  Principios De Urbanismo, Barcelona: Ariel, 1975 (Titulo del original Frances: LA Charte D’Athenes, Collection Forces Vives—Editions de Minuit).
  •  The Charter of Machu Picchu, 1979. Journal of Architectural Research, 7 (2), 5–9.
  • Seidel, A., Gibson, J., Preiser, W.F.E., and Pellish, D.M., 1979.  Four Commentaries on the Charter. Journal of Architectural Research, 7 (2), 10–12.
  • Built Heritage and Sustainable Tourism.  http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/29226/InTech-Built_heritage_and_sustainable_tourism_conceptual_economic_and_social_variables.pdf
• Charter of Athens (1933). http://orcp.hustoj.com/2015/10/10/charter-of-athens-1933/.
• Recommendation Concerning the Safeguarding and Contemporary Role of Historic Areas (1976).
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  • Chinese:  http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0011/001140/114038cb.pdf#page=1
• The Conservation of old cities as part of the cultural heritage, seen within the context of modern urbanization
• Cultural Tourism (1976). http://orcp.hustoj.com/2015/12/29/cultural-tourism-1976/
• The Role of the ICOMOS in Cultural Tourism at World Heritage Sites.  http://www.icomos.org/publications/93sy_tou10.pdf
• ICOMOS International Cultural Tourism Charter (Managing Tourism at Places of Heritage Significance, 1999).
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• International Charters on Conservation: The Lost C(L)auses.  http://www.ceci-br.org/novo/revista/docs2008/CT-2008-120.pdf
• Centre de Documentation de l’ICOMOS.  http://mestrado-reabilitacao.fa.utl.pt/disciplinas/jaguiar/icomoshistorictowns.pdf
• European Charter of the Architectural Heritage (1975). http://www.unescobkk.org/fileadmin/user_upload/culture/cultureMain/Instruments/European_Charter.pdf
• Initiative for a European Cultural Heritage Year.  http://www.dnk.de/_uploads/media/1870_2015-11-20_ECHY%E2%80%93Status%20Report.pdf
• Declaration of Amsterdam (1975). http://www.international.icomos.org/en/charters-and-texts/179-articles-en-francais/ressources/charters-and-standards/169-the-declaration-of-amsterdam.
• Draft Opinion: Towards an integrated approach to cultural heritage for Europe.  http://www.europanostra.org/UPLOADS/FILS/20150226-CommitteRegions-Opinion-CulturalHeritage.pdf
• Declaration of Amsterdam (1975). https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Maria_Bostenaru_Dan/publication/200038775_The_Cultural_Value_of_the_Built_Heritage_in_the_International_Documents_Dedicated_to_the_Preservation_of_the_Cultural_Heritage/links/0d50ae560eacbe9be2e9e867.pdf
• European Convention on the Protection of the Archaeological Heritage (1969). http://orcp.hustoj.com/2015/11/02/archaeology-1969/
• European Cultural Convention (1954). http://orcp.hustoj.com/2015/10/10/european-cultural-convention/
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Intellectual Property